Completion
Complete each
statement.
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1.
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Small openings called ____________________ allow carbon dioxide to enter a
leaf.
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2.
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Plants make their own food using energy that comes from the
____________________.
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3.
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Almost all living things depend on the process of ____________________ to supply
them with the energy they need.
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4.
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During respiration, molecules of ____________________ are first broken down in
the cytoplasm.
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5.
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Energy from glucose is released in the process of ____________________.
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6.
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The main difference between respiration and fermentation is that respiration
uses ____________________ to obtain energy from food.
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7.
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The process in which yeasts break down sugars and produce carbon dioxide and
alcohol is called ____________________ fermentation.
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8.
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The products of respiration are energy, carbon dioxide, and
____________________.
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9.
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A cell’s nucleus divides to form two identical nuclei during the stage of
the cell cycle known as ____________________.
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10.
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The final stage of the cell cycle, during which the cytoplasm divides, is called
____________________.
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11.
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The sides of the DNA ladder are made of molecules of deoxyribose and
____________________.
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12.
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A change in DNA is called a(n) ____________________.
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13.
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When a mutation disturbs the cell cycle, the result can be ____________________,
or uncontrolled cell division.
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14.
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The most common treatments for cancer include drugs, surgery, and
____________________.
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15.
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Cancer can spread when cells break off a tumor and are carried through the body
by the ____________________.
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16.
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A form of treatment in which drugs destroy cancer cells is called
____________________.
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17.
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Many cancer deaths are caused by unhealthful diets or by the use of
____________________.
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18.
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Chloroplasts contain a pigment called ____________________ that captures the
energy in light.
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19.
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During cytokinesis in plant cells, a(n) ____________________ forms across the
middle of the cell.
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20.
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____________________ is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its
DNA.
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Short Answer
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Use the diagram to answer each question. 
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21.
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Identify A and B, which are the raw materials for respiration.
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22.
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Explain where raw materials A and B come from.
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23.
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Identify C and D, which are the products of respiration.
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24.
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Is oxygen required for the stage of respiration that takes place in the
cytoplasm? Is oxygen required for the stage of respiration that takes place in mitochondria?
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25.
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Compare the amount of energy released by the stage of respiration that takes
place in the cytoplasm with the amount released in the stage of respiration that takes place in the
mitochondria.
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26.
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Can you tell whether the cell shown is a plant cell or an animal cell? Explain
why or why not.
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Use the diagram to answer each question. 
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27.
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Identify the stages of the cell cycle represented by drawings 1–5.
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28.
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Which drawings represent parts of mitosis?
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29.
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List drawings 1-5 in their correct order, beginning with the drawing that
represents interphase.
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30.
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Identify structure A and describe its function.
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31.
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Identify the structures labeled B. What do these structures contain?
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32.
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Explain what is happening in drawing 4.
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