True/False
Indicate whether the
statement is true or false.
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1.
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The scientific study of heredity is called genetics
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2.
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An organism’s physical appearance is its genotype.
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3.
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In codominance, neither of the alleles is dominant or recessive.
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4.
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Each transfer RNA molecule picks up one kind of protein.
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5.
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Mutations in body cells are passed to offspring.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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6.
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The different forms of a gene are
called
a. | alleles.
| c. | phenotypes | b. | chromosomes. | d. | genotypes. |
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7.
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The likelihood that a particular event will occur is called
a. | chance. | c. | probability. | b. | Punnett square. | d. | recessive. |
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8.
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An organism with two identical alleles for a
trait is
a. | heterozygous. | c. | recessive. | b. | homozygous. | d. | dominant. |
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9.
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If the body cells of an organism have 10 chromosomes, then the sex cells
produced during meiosis would have
a. | 5 chromosomes.
| c. | 15 chromosomes.
| b. | 10 chromosomes.
| d. | 20 chromosomes.
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10.
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During protein synthesis, messenger RNA
a. | links one amino acid to another. | c. | provides a code from DNA in the
nucleus. | b. | releases the completed protein chain. | d. | carries amino acids to the ribosome.
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11.
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At which stage of meiosis do chromosome pairs line up in the center of the cell
and then separate from each other.
a. | at the end of meiosis | c. | during Meiosis I | b. | during Meiosis II | d. | before meiosis |
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12.
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Both parents have genotype Rr. The offspring could have genotype
a. | RR or Rr. | c. | Rr or rr. | b. | Rr only. | d. | Rr, RR, or rr. |
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13.
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One parent has genotype DD, and the other has dd. All of the offspring will
be
a. | heterozygous. | c. | dominant. | b. | homozygous. | d. | recessive. |
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14.
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The different forms of a gene are called
a. | chromosomes. | c. | genotypes. | b. | traits. | d. | alleles. |
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15.
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Which term refers to an organism's physical appearance, or its visible
traits?
a. | phenotype | c. | homozygous | b. | genotype | d. | heterozygous |
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16.
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A homozygous black guinea pig (BB) is crossed with a homozygous white guinea pig
(bb). What is the probability that an offspring will have black fur?
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17.
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The main function of genes is to
a. | control the production of proteins in an organism's cells. | c. | determine the order
of nitrogen bases. | b. | control the production of DNA in an
organism's cells. | d. | determine the number of chromosomes in a cell. |
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18.
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What is a mutation?
a. | any change that is harmful to an organism | c. | any change in the phenotype of a
cell | b. | any change in a gene or chromosome | d. | any change that is helpful to an
organism |
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19.
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The factors that control traits are called
a. | recessives. | c. | genes. | b. | purebred plants. | d. | hybrids. |
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20.
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Genes are located on
a. | chromosomes. | c. | spindle fibers. | b. | centromeres. | d. | centrioles. |
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21.
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If a pea plant has a tall stem, its allele combination is
a. | either one allele for tall stems and one allele for short stems or two alleles for
tall stems. | c. | two alleles for tall stems only. | b. | one allele for tall stems and one allele for
short stems only. | d. | two
alleles for short stems only. |
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22.
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The diagram below shows a chromosome pair. For which genes is the organism
heterozygous?  a. | A,C,E | d. | D,E,F | b. | B,D,F | e. | B,C,D | c. | A,B,C | f. | A,F,C |
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23.
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If the body cells have 12 chromosomes, how many will the sex cells have?
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24.
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A garden has 80 pea plants. Of the plants, 20 have short stems and 60 have tall
stems. What percentage of the plants have short stems?
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